Metric Results

[ summary ] [ packages ] [ cycles ] [ explanations ]

The following document contains the results of a JDepend metric analysis. The various metrics are defined at the bottom of this document.

Summary

[ summary ] [ packages ] [ cycles ] [ explanations ]

Package TC CC AC Ca Ce A I D V
info.magnolia.commands 1 1 0 0 13 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 1
info.magnolia.config 13 8 5 1 20 38.0% 95.0% 34.0% 1
info.magnolia.config.converters 7 6 1 1 8 14.0% 89.0% 3.0% 1
info.magnolia.config.debug 1 1 0 0 5 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 1
info.magnolia.config.map2bean 2 2 0 3 7 0.0% 70.0% 30.000002% 1
info.magnolia.config.maputil 3 3 0 1 6 0.0% 86.0% 14.0% 1
info.magnolia.config.module 6 6 0 0 19 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 1
info.magnolia.config.registry 37 24 13 12 11 35.0% 48.0% 17.0% 1
info.magnolia.config.registry.decoration 6 4 2 2 6 33.0% 75.0% 8.0% 1
info.magnolia.config.registry.validator 1 0 1 0 3 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 1
info.magnolia.config.resolver 1 0 1 0 2 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 1
info.magnolia.config.source 12 8 4 4 19 33.0% 83.0% 16.0% 1
info.magnolia.config.source.jcr 4 4 0 2 19 0.0% 90.0% 10.0% 1
info.magnolia.config.source.stub 1 1 0 1 2 0.0% 67.0% 33.0% 1
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml 14 12 2 3 23 14.0% 88.0% 3.0% 1
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct 4 3 1 1 10 25.0% 91.0% 16.0% 1
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.decoration 6 2 4 2 11 67.0% 85.0% 51.0% 1
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.dependency 6 3 3 2 3 50.0% 60.000004% 10.0% 1

Packages

[ summary ] [ packages ] [ cycles ] [ explanations ]

info.magnolia.commands

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
0 13 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
None info.magnolia.commands.ExportJcrNodeToYamlCommand
None info.magnolia.cms.security
info.magnolia.commands.impl
info.magnolia.config.converters
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.context
info.magnolia.repository
java.io
java.lang
java.util
javax.jcr
org.apache.commons.lang3
org.apache.tika.io
org.slf4j

info.magnolia.config

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
1 20 38.0% 95.0% 34.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
info.magnolia.config.ByteBuddyMutableWrapperHelper$InvokerResolver
info.magnolia.config.MutableWrapper$Mutable
info.magnolia.config.MutableWrapper$ProxyWithBeanPropertyMethodInvoker
info.magnolia.config.Mutator
info.magnolia.config.NamedDefinition
info.magnolia.config.ByteBuddyMutableWrapperHelper
info.magnolia.config.ByteBuddyMutableWrapperHelper$1
info.magnolia.config.ByteBuddyMutableWrapperHelper$DefaultInterceptor
info.magnolia.config.ByteBuddyMutableWrapperHelper$EqualsInterceptor
info.magnolia.config.ByteBuddyMutableWrapperHelper$HashCodeInterceptor
info.magnolia.config.ByteBuddyMutableWrapperHelper$ToStringInterceptor
info.magnolia.config.ConfigModule
info.magnolia.config.MutableWrapper
info.magnolia.config.source.jcr
com.google.common.base
com.thoughtworks.proxy
com.thoughtworks.proxy.factory
com.thoughtworks.proxy.kit
info.magnolia.dirwatch
info.magnolia.dynamic
info.magnolia.module
info.magnolia.resourceloader.classpath.service
java.lang
java.lang.reflect
java.util
java.util.regex
net.bytebuddy
net.bytebuddy.description.modifier
net.bytebuddy.dynamic
net.bytebuddy.dynamic.loading
net.bytebuddy.implementation
net.bytebuddy.matcher
net.sf.cglib.proxy
org.objenesis

info.magnolia.config.converters

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
1 8 14.0% 89.0% 3.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
info.magnolia.config.converters.DefinitionRawViewToYamlConverter
info.magnolia.config.converters.DefinitionRawViewToYamlConverterImpl
info.magnolia.config.converters.DefinitionRawViewToYamlConverterImpl$1
info.magnolia.config.converters.DefinitionRawViewToYamlConverterImpl$ConversionState
info.magnolia.config.converters.DefinitionRawViewToYamlConverterImpl$IsNameProperty
info.magnolia.config.converters.RawDefinitionViewToMapConverter
info.magnolia.config.converters.RawDefinitionViewToMapConverter$1
info.magnolia.commands
com.google.common.base
com.google.common.collect
info.magnolia.config.registry
java.io
java.lang
java.util
org.apache.commons.io
org.apache.commons.lang3

info.magnolia.config.debug

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
0 5 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
None info.magnolia.config.debug.ConfigDump
None info.magnolia.cms.util
info.magnolia.config.registry
java.lang
java.util
org.apache.commons.beanutils

info.magnolia.config.map2bean

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
3 7 0.0% 70.0% 30.000002%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
None info.magnolia.config.map2bean.ConfigurationParsingException
info.magnolia.config.map2bean.Map2BeanTransformer
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.decoration
info.magnolia.jcr.node2bean
info.magnolia.jcr.node2bean.impl
info.magnolia.map2bean
info.magnolia.objectfactory
java.lang
java.lang.reflect
java.util

info.magnolia.config.maputil

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
1 6 0.0% 86.0% 14.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
None info.magnolia.config.maputil.ConfigurationMapOverlay$OverridingMap
info.magnolia.config.maputil.ToMap
info.magnolia.config.maputil.ToMap$1
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
com.google.common.base
com.google.common.collect
java.lang
java.util
org.apache.commons.lang3
org.slf4j

info.magnolia.config.module

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
0 19 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
None info.magnolia.config.module.ModuleConfigurationSourceFactory
info.magnolia.config.module.ModuleConfigurationSourceFactory$1
info.magnolia.config.module.ModuleConfigurationSourceFactory$2
info.magnolia.config.module.ModuleDefinitionType
info.magnolia.config.module.ModuleJcrConfigurationSource
info.magnolia.config.module.ModuleYamlConfigurationSource
None info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source.jcr
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.decoration
info.magnolia.context
info.magnolia.init
info.magnolia.jcr.node2bean
info.magnolia.map2bean
info.magnolia.module
info.magnolia.repository
info.magnolia.resourceloader
java.lang
java.util
java.util.regex
javax.inject
javax.jcr
javax.jcr.observation
org.apache.commons.lang3
org.apache.jackrabbit.commons.predicate

info.magnolia.config.registry

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
12 11 35.0% 48.0% 17.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
info.magnolia.config.registry.AbstractDefinitionProviderWrapper
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionMetadata
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionMetadataBuilder
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionProvider$Problem
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionProvider$Problem$DefaultTypes
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionProvider$Problem$Type
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionProviderWrapper
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionRawView
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionReference
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionReferenceIdResolver
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionType
info.magnolia.config.registry.Registry
info.magnolia.config.registry.RegistryFacade
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefaultDefinitionReference
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionMetadataBuilder$1
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionMetadataBuilder$DefinitionMetadataImpl
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionMetadataBuilder$ModuleAndRelativePathMetadataBuilder
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionMetadataBuilder$NameMetadataBuilder
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionProvider$1
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionProvider$Problem$DefaultTypes$1
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionProvider$Problem$DefaultTypes$2
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionProvider$Problem$DefaultTypes$3
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionProvider$Problem$DefaultTypes$4
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionProvider$Problem$SeverityType
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionProviderBuilder$1
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionProviderProblemBuilder
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionProviderProblemBuilder$1
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionProviderProblemBuilder$ProblemImpl
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionQueryImpl$QueryPredicate
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionRawView$1
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionRawView$Kind
info.magnolia.config.registry.DefinitionRawView$Property
info.magnolia.config.registry.RegistrationException
info.magnolia.config.registry.Registry$InvalidDefinitionException
info.magnolia.config.registry.Registry$NoSuchDefinitionException
info.magnolia.config.registry.RegistryMap
info.magnolia.config.registry.RegistryTypeNameUtil
info.magnolia.commands
info.magnolia.config.converters
info.magnolia.config.debug
info.magnolia.config.module
info.magnolia.config.registry.decoration
info.magnolia.config.registry.validator
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.jcr
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.decoration
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.dependency
info.magnolia.config.registry.decoration
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.stub
info.magnolia.transformer
java.lang
java.util
java.util.function
java.util.regex
org.apache.commons.lang3
org.atteo.evo.inflector
org.slf4j

info.magnolia.config.registry.decoration

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
2 6 33.0% 75.0% 8.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
info.magnolia.config.registry.decoration.DefinitionDecorator
info.magnolia.config.registry.decoration.DefinitionDecoratorMetadata
info.magnolia.config.registry.decoration.CachingDefinitionDecorator
info.magnolia.config.registry.decoration.DefinitionDecorators
info.magnolia.config.registry.decoration.DefinitionDecorators$1
info.magnolia.config.registry.decoration.DefinitionDecorators$2
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.decoration
com.google.common.base
com.google.common.collect
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.module
java.lang
java.util

info.magnolia.config.registry.validator

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
0 3 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
info.magnolia.config.registry.validator.DefinitionValidator
None None info.magnolia.config.registry
java.lang
java.util

info.magnolia.config.resolver

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
0 2 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
info.magnolia.config.resolver.TypeAlias
None None java.lang
java.lang.annotation

info.magnolia.config.source

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
4 19 33.0% 83.0% 16.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
info.magnolia.config.source.AbstractConfigurationSourceBuilder
info.magnolia.config.source.ConfigurationSource
info.magnolia.config.source.ConfigurationSourceBuilder
info.magnolia.config.source.ConfigurationSourceType
info.magnolia.config.source.ConfigurationSourceFactory
info.magnolia.config.source.ConfigurationSourceTypes
info.magnolia.config.source.DefinitionProviderWrapperWithProxyFallback
info.magnolia.config.source.DefinitionProviderWrapperWithProxyFallback$1
info.magnolia.config.source.Deprecation
info.magnolia.config.source.Deprecation$1
info.magnolia.config.source.Deprecation$Builder
info.magnolia.config.source.MapBasedDefinitionProviderWrapper
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source.jcr
info.magnolia.config.source.stub
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
com.thoughtworks.proxy.factory
com.thoughtworks.proxy.toys.decorate
info.magnolia.config.map2bean
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source.jcr
info.magnolia.config.source.raw
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.init
info.magnolia.jcr.node2bean
info.magnolia.map2bean
info.magnolia.module
info.magnolia.objectfactory
info.magnolia.resourceloader
java.io
java.lang
java.lang.reflect
java.util
org.apache.commons.lang3.builder
org.slf4j

info.magnolia.config.source.jcr

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
2 19 0.0% 90.0% 10.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
None info.magnolia.config.source.jcr.JcrConfigurationSource
info.magnolia.config.source.jcr.JcrConfigurationSource$1
info.magnolia.config.source.jcr.JcrConfigurationSourceBuilder
info.magnolia.config.source.jcr.RegistryBasedObservingManager
info.magnolia.config.module
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.cms.util
info.magnolia.config
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.raw
info.magnolia.jcr.node2bean
info.magnolia.jcr.predicate
info.magnolia.jcr.util
info.magnolia.jcr.wrapper
info.magnolia.map2bean
info.magnolia.module
info.magnolia.objectfactory
java.io
java.lang
java.util
javax.jcr
org.apache.commons.lang3
org.apache.jackrabbit.commons.predicate
org.slf4j

info.magnolia.config.source.stub

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
1 2 0.0% 67.0% 33.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
None info.magnolia.config.source.stub.ConfigurationSourceTypeStub
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source
java.lang

info.magnolia.config.source.yaml

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
3 23 14.0% 88.0% 3.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.PathToMetadataInferrer
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.YamlMetadataConsumer
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.AbstractFileResourceConfigurationSource$1
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.AbstractFileResourceConfigurationSource$DefinitionDecoratorResolutionFunction
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.AbstractFileResourceConfigurationSource$LoadAndRegisterFunction
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.DeprecationMetadataConsumer
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.MgnlYamlConstructor$1
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.MgnlYamlConstructor$YamlConfigurationDependencyAggregator
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.RegexBasedPathToMetadataInferrer
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.WhiteSpaceNormalisingReader
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.YamlConfigurationSource
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.YamlConfigurationSourceBuilder
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.YamlReader$YamlConversionResult
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.YamlReaderException
info.magnolia.config.module
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.map2bean
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.decoration
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.dependency
info.magnolia.init
info.magnolia.map2bean
info.magnolia.module
info.magnolia.objectfactory
info.magnolia.resourceloader
info.magnolia.resourceloader.util
java.io
java.lang
java.util
java.util.function
java.util.regex
org.apache.commons.io
org.apache.commons.lang3
org.slf4j
org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor
org.yaml.snakeyaml.error
org.yaml.snakeyaml.nodes

info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
1 10 25.0% 91.0% 16.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct.MgnlYamlConstruct
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct.OverrideSource
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct.WrapMetadata
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct.WrapMetadata$Metadata
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.maputil
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.dependency
java.lang
java.util
java.util.function
org.apache.commons.lang3
org.yaml.snakeyaml.constructor
org.yaml.snakeyaml.nodes

info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.decoration

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
2 11 67.0% 85.0% 51.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.decoration.AbstractFileDefinitionDecorator
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.decoration.FileDefinitionDecorator
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.decoration.FileDefinitionDecoratorResolver
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.decoration.YamlDefinitionDecoratorMetadata
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.decoration.FilePathBasedYamlDefinitionDecoratorResolver
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.decoration.YamlDefinitionDecoratorMetadata$Impl
info.magnolia.config.module
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.map2bean
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.registry.decoration
info.magnolia.init
info.magnolia.map2bean
info.magnolia.objectfactory
info.magnolia.resourceloader
java.lang
java.util
java.util.regex
org.apache.commons.lang3

info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.dependency

Afferent Couplings Efferent Couplings Abstractness Instability Distance
2 3 50.0% 60.000004% 10.0%
Abstract Classes Concrete Classes Used by Packages Uses Packages
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.dependency.AbstractYamlConfigurationDependency
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.dependency.YamlConfigurationDependency
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.dependency.YamlDependencyResoutionProblemType
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.dependency.DefinitionDependency$1
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.dependency.DefinitionDependency$Builder
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.dependency.YamlDependencyResoutionProblemType$1
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.registry
java.lang
java.util.function

Cycles

[ summary ] [ packages ] [ cycles ] [ explanations ]

Package Package Dependencies
info.magnolia.commands info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.converters info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.debug info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.module info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.registry info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.registry.decoration info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.registry.validator info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.jcr info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source.stub info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.decoration info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.dependency info.magnolia.config.registry
info.magnolia.config.source
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml
info.magnolia.config.source.yaml.construct
info.magnolia.config.registry

Explanation

[ summary ] [ packages ] [ cycles ] [ explanations ]

The following explanations are for quick reference and are lifted directly from the original JDepend documentation.

Term Description
Number of Classes The number of concrete and abstract classes (and interfaces) in the package is an indicator of the extensibility of the package.
Afferent Couplings The number of other packages that depend upon classes within the package is an indicator of the package's responsibility.
Efferent Couplings The number of other packages that the classes in the package depend upon is an indicator of the package's independence.
Abstractness The ratio of the number of abstract classes (and interfaces) in the analyzed package to the total number of classes in the analyzed package. The range for this metric is 0 to 1, with A=0 indicating a completely concrete package and A=1 indicating a completely abstract package.
Instability The ratio of efferent coupling (Ce) to total coupling (Ce / (Ce + Ca)). This metric is an indicator of the package's resilience to change. The range for this metric is 0 to 1, with I=0 indicating a completely stable package and I=1 indicating a completely instable package.
Distance The perpendicular distance of a package from the idealized line A + I = 1. This metric is an indicator of the package's balance between abstractness and stability. A package squarely on the main sequence is optimally balanced with respect to its abstractness and stability. Ideal packages are either completely abstract and stable (x=0, y=1) or completely concrete and instable (x=1, y=0). The range for this metric is 0 to 1, with D=0 indicating a package that is coincident with the main sequence and D=1 indicating a package that is as far from the main sequence as possible.
Cycles Packages participating in a package dependency cycle are in a deadly embrace with respect to reusability and their release cycle. Package dependency cycles can be easily identified by reviewing the textual reports of dependency cycles. Once these dependency cycles have been identified with JDepend, they can be broken by employing various object-oriented techniques.